import numpy as np
from astropy.io import fits
from plotly.subplots import make_subplots
import plotly.offline as pyo
from ..utils import dataframe as dframe
from ..moment_guess import peakT as quickPeakT
#======================================================================================================================#
from ..utils.mufasa_log import get_logger
logger = get_logger(__name__)
[docs]
class ScatterPPV(object):
"""A class to plot the fitted parameters in 3D scatter plots. Most of the data is stored in a pandas DataFrame.
Parameters
----------
parafile : str
Path to the .fits file containing the MUFASA generated parameter maps.
fittype : str
The name of the fit model, e.g., "nh3_multi_v" or "n2hp_multi_v".
vrange : tuple of float, optional
Velocity range to clip the data (in km/s). Data outside this range is excluded.
Default is None.
verr_thres : float, optional
Velocity error threshold (in km/s) to filter out data with higher errors.
Data with a velocity error greater than this threshold is excluded. Default is 5.
Examples
--------
Initialize the ScatterPPV object and plot the position-position-velocity (PPV) scatter plot:
>>> sc = scatter_3D.ScatterPPV("path/to/fname.fits", fittype="nh3_multi_v")
>>> sc.plot_ppv(savename='monR2.html', vel_scale=0.5)
"""
def __init__(self, parafile, fittype, vrange=None, verr_thres=5, meta_model=None):
"""Initialize the ScatterPPV object by loading data from a .fits file and setting up parameters.
For a detailed description of parameters, refer to the class docstring.
Parameters
----------
parafile : str
Path to the .fits file of the modeled parameter maps.
fittype : str
Name of the fit model.
vrange : tuple of float, optional
Velocity range to clip the data (in km/s).
verr_thres : float, optional
The velocity error threshold (in km/s) to filter the data. Data with errors above this threshold is excluded.
"""
self.paracube, self.header = fits.getdata(parafile, header=True)
self.fittype = fittype
self.meta_model = meta_model
if meta_model is None:
# get the rest frequency
if self.fittype == "nh3_multi_v":
#from pyspeckit.spectrum.models.ammonia_constants import freq_dict
from ..spec_models.m_constants import nh3_constants
freq_dict = nh3_constants['nh3_constants']
self.rest_freq = freq_dict['oneone']*1e-9 # in GHz
elif self.fittype == "n2hp_multi_v":
#from ..spec_models.n2hp_constants import freq_dict
from ..spec_models.m_constants import n2hp_constants
freq_dict = nh3_constants['n2hp_constants']
self.rest_freq = freq_dict['onezero']*1e-9 # in GHz
else:
if fittype != meta_model.fittype:
msg = f"The provided fittype ({fittype}) does not match that from the MetaModel ({meta_model.fittype})." \
f"MetaModel's fittype will be adopted over the provided on."
logger.warning(msg)
self.fittype = meta_model.fittype
self.rest_freq = self.meta_model.rest_value.value
# structure the data in the data frame
self.dataframe = dframe.make_dataframe(self.paracube, vrange=vrange, verr_thres=verr_thres)
# estimate the peak intensity of each spectral model
self.add_peakI()
# get the relative wcs coordinates
self.add_wcs_del()
[docs]
def add_peakI(self):
"""Calculate and add a peak intensity value for each model point in the DataFrame.
Parameters
----------
nu : float, optional
Reference frequency (in GHz) to estimate the peak intensity. If not provided, defaults to the `rest_freq` attribute.
Returns
-------
None
"""
if self.meta_model is not None:
para = np.array(
[self.dataframe['vlsr'].values,
self.dataframe['sigv'].values,
self.dataframe['tex'].values,
self.dataframe['tau'].values]
)
self.dataframe['peakT'] = self.meta_model.peakT(para)
else:
self.dataframe['peakT'] = quickPeakT(tex=self.dataframe['tex'], tau=self.dataframe['tau'], nu=self.rest_freq)
[docs]
def add_wcs_del(self, ra_ref=None, dec_ref=None, unit='arcmin'):
"""Calculate relative RA & Dec coordinates and add them to the DataFrame as columns.
Parameters
----------
ra_ref : float, optional
Reference RA value to calculate relative RA. If not provided, uses the minimum RA in the data.
dec_ref : float, optional
Reference Dec value to calculate relative Dec. If not provided, uses the minimum Dec in the data.
unit : {'arcmin', 'arcsec'}, optional
Units for delta RA & Dec. Use 'arcmin' to plot in arcminutes or 'arcsec' for arcseconds. Default is 'arcmin'.
Returns
-------
None
"""
if unit == 'arcmin':
f = 60
elif unit == 'arcsec':
f = 3600
df = self.dataframe
df['delt RA'] = df['x_crd'] * self.header['CDELT1'] * f * -1.0
df['delt Dec'] = df['y_crd'] * self.header['CDELT2'] * f
''
if ra_ref is None:
ra_ref = df['delt RA'].min()
if dec_ref is None:
dec_ref = df['delt Dec'].min()
df['delt RA'] = df['delt RA'] - ra_ref
df['delt Dec'] = df['delt Dec'] - dec_ref
[docs]
def plot_ppv(self, label_key='peakT', vel_scale=0.8, xyunit='arcmin', savename=None, **kwargs):
"""
Plot the fitted model in position-position-velocity (PPV) space as a 3D scatter plot.
Points in the PPV plot are colored based on a specified key (e.g., intensity values)
from the DataFrame. The velocity axis can be scaled relative to the spatial axes,
and units for the x and y axes can be customized.
Parameters
----------
label_key : str, default='peakT'
Column name in the DataFrame used for coloring data points.
For example, 'peakT' for peak intensity or clustering labels.
vel_scale : float, default=0.8
Scaling factor for the velocity axis (z-axis) relative to the spatial axes.
The x-axis is normalized to 1.
xyunit : {'arcmin', 'pix'}, default='arcmin'
Units for the x and y coordinates:
- 'arcmin': Plot relative RA and Dec in arcminutes.
- 'pix': Plot coordinates in pixels.
savename : str, default=None
File path to save the generated plot as an HTML file. If None, the plot is not saved.
**kwargs : dict
Additional keyword arguments passed to the `scatter_3D_df` function.
Useful options include:
auto_open_html : bool, default=True
If True, automatically open the saved HTML file in a browser.
mask_df : pandas.Series or None, default=None
Boolean mask to filter the DataFrame before plotting.
Returns
-------
fig : plotly.graph_objs.Figure
A 3D scatter plot figure representing the PPV data.
Other Parameters
----------------
kwargs : dict
Additional options for customizing the scatter plot, such as color mapping
and opacity scaling.
Notes
-----
- If `label_key` is "peakT", default color mapping ("magma_r") and opacity ranges
are applied automatically.
- The velocity axis range is derived from the 1st and 99th percentiles of the
"vlsr" column, with additional padding.
- Color scaling uses the 1st and 99th percentiles of the column specified by `label_key`.
Examples
--------
>>> model.plot_ppv(label_key='peakT', vel_scale=0.9, xyunit='pix', savename='ppv_plot.html')
>>> model.plot_ppv(label_key='cluster_label', auto_open_html=False, mask_df=mask)
See Also
--------
scatter_3D_df : Function used internally for generating the scatter plot.
"""
if label_key == 'peakT':
kwdf = dict(cmap='magma_r', opacity_ranges=5)
kwargs = {**kwdf, **kwargs}
kwargs['label_key'] = label_key
# get the velocity range to plot
vmin, vmax = np.nanpercentile(self.dataframe['vlsr'], [1, 99])
vpad = (vmax - vmin)/10
if vpad > 0.5:
vmax += vpad
else:
vmax += 0.5
vmask = np.logical_and(self.dataframe['vlsr']>vmin, self.dataframe['vlsr']<vmax)
if label_key is not None:
# Calculate the 1st and 99th percentiles for color and opacity scaling
cmin, cmax = np.nanpercentile(self.dataframe[label_key][vmask], [1, 99])
kwargs['vmin'] = cmin
kwargs['vmax'] = cmax
if xyunit == 'arcmin':
# plot delta RA & Dec in arcmin
kwargs['x_key'] = 'delt RA'
kwargs['y_key'] = 'delt Dec'
kwargs['xlab'] = u'\u0394' + 'RA (arcmin)'
kwargs['ylab'] = u"\u0394" + 'Dec (arcmin)'
elif xyunit == 'pix':
# plot x & y in pixel coordinates
kwargs['x_key'] = 'y_crd'
kwargs['y_key'] = 'delt Dec'
kwargs['xlab'] = 'RA (pix)'
kwargs['ylab'] = 'Dec (pix)'
self.fig = scatter_3D_df(self.dataframe[vmask], z_key='vlsr',
zlab='<i>v</i><sub>LSR</sub> (km s<sup>-1</sup>)',
nx=self.header['NAXIS1'], ny=self.header['NAXIS2'],
z_scale=vel_scale, savename=savename, **kwargs)
[docs]
def scatter_3D_df(dataframe, x_key, y_key, z_key, label_key=None, mask_df=None,
auto_open_html=True, **kwargs):
"""A wrapper for scatter_3D to quickly plot a pandas DataFrame in 3D.
Parameters
----------
dataframe : pandas.DataFrame
DataFrame containing the data to plot.
x_key : str
Column name for the x-axis values.
y_key : str
Column name for the y-axis values.
z_key : str
Column name for the z-axis values.
label_key : str, optional
Column name to color the data points by. If None, data points are plotted without color scaling. Default is None.
mask_df : pandas.Series or None, optional
Boolean mask to filter the DataFrame before plotting. Default is None.
auto_open_html : bool, optional
Whether to automatically open the HTML plot file upon saving. Default is True.
kwargs : dict
Additional keyword arguments for the 3D scatter plot.
Returns
-------
fig : plotly.graph_objs.Figure
The 3D scatter plot figure.
"""
if mask_df is not None:
dataframe = dataframe[mask_df]
x, y, z = dataframe[x_key], dataframe[y_key], dataframe[z_key]
if label_key is None:
labels = None
elif label_key in dataframe.keys():
labels = dataframe[label_key]
else:
labels = label_key
return scatter_3D(x, y, z, labels=labels, auto_open_html=auto_open_html, **kwargs)
[docs]
def scatter_3D(x, y, z, labels=None, nx=None, ny=None, z_scale=0.8, shadow=True, fig=None, savename=None,
scene=None, xlab=None, ylab=None, zlab=None, showfig=True, kw_line=None,
cmap='Spectral_r', auto_open_html=True, vmin=None, vmax=None,
opacity_ranges=1, **kwargs):
"""Plot a 3D scatter plot with optional opacity scaling for point ranges.
Parameters
----------
x : array-like
X coordinates of the data points.
y : array-like
Y coordinates of the data points.
z : array-like
Z coordinates of the data points.
labels : array-like, optional
Label values for color scaling. If 'peakT' (default), opacity is split into ranges; otherwise, a single trace with full opacity is used.
nx : int, optional
Number of pixels in x to set the aspect ratio. Default is None.
ny : int, optional
Number of pixels in y to set the aspect ratio. Default is None.
z_scale : float, optional
Aspect ratio for z-axis relative to x and y axes. Default is 0.8.
shadow : bool or float, optional
Adds a shadow projection on the z-plane. Default is True.
fig : plotly.graph_objs.Figure, optional
Figure to plot on. If None, creates a new figure.
savename : str, optional
Path to save the plot as an HTML file. Default is None.
scene : dict, optional
Scene configuration for the 3D plot. Default is None.
xlab : str, optional
X-axis label. Default is None.
ylab : str, optional
Y-axis label. Default is None.
zlab : str, optional
Z-axis label. Default is None.
showfig : bool, optional
Whether to display the figure after plotting. Default is True.
kw_line : dict, optional
Dictionary of line properties for connecting points, if desired. Default is None.
cmap : str, optional
Colormap for data points. Default is 'Spectral_r'.
auto_open_html : bool, optional
If True, auto-opens saved HTML. Default is True.
vmin : float, optional
Minimum value for color scaling. Default is None.
vmax : float, optional
Maximum value for color scaling. Default is None.
opacity_ranges : int, optional
Number of opacity ranges (1 to 5). For 'peakT' labels, splits opacity into equal intervals over 1-99 percentile. Default is 1.
kwargs : dict
Additional keyword arguments for plotting.
Returns
-------
fig : plotly.graph_objs.Figure
Generated 3D scatter plot figure.
"""
if fig is None:
fig = make_subplots(rows=1, cols=1, specs=[[{'type': 'scatter3d'}]])
if nx is None:
nx = x.max()
if ny is None:
ny = y.max()
# Define opacity levels and ranges if more than one range is specified
opacity_levels = np.linspace(0.1, 1, opacity_ranges)
if labels is not None and opacity_ranges > 1:
# Calculate percentiles for the given number of opacity ranges
percentiles = np.linspace(0, 100, opacity_ranges + 1)
cutoffs = np.nanpercentile(labels, percentiles)
# Plot each range with respective opacity
for i, (opacity, cutoff_min, cutoff_max) in enumerate(zip(opacity_levels, cutoffs[:-1], cutoffs[1:])):
mask = (labels >= cutoff_min) & (labels < cutoff_max)
sub_x, sub_y, sub_z = x[mask], y[mask], z[mask]
sub_labels = labels[mask]
marker = dict(size=1, color=sub_labels, colorscale=cmap, opacity=opacity)
if vmin is not None and vmax is not None:
marker.update(cmin=vmin, cmax=vmax)
kw_scatter3d = dict(mode='markers', marker=marker)
if kw_line is not None:
kw_line_default = dict(color=labels, width=2)
line = {**kw_line_default, **kw_line}
kw_scatter3d['line'] = line
del kw_scatter3d['mode']
fig.add_scatter3d(x=sub_x, y=sub_y, z=sub_z, mode='markers', marker=marker)
else:
# Single trace for non-peakT labels or opacity_ranges=1
if labels is None:
labels = '#1f77b4' #muted blue
marker = dict(size=1, color=labels, colorscale=cmap, opacity=1.0)
if vmin is not None and vmax is not None:
marker.update(cmin=vmin, cmax=vmax)
kw_scatter3d = dict(mode='markers', marker=marker)
fig.add_scatter3d(x=x, y=y, z=z, mode='markers', marker=marker)
# Configure the scene and other plot settings
if scene is None:
scene = dict(camera=dict(eye=dict(x=1.15, y=1.15, z=0.8)),
xaxis=dict(),
yaxis=dict(),
zaxis=dict(),
aspectmode='manual',
aspectratio=dict(x=1, y=1*ny/nx, z=z_scale)) #fixed aspect ratio
fig.update_layout(scene=scene, showlegend=False)
if xlab is not None:
fig.update_layout(scene=dict(xaxis_title=xlab))
if ylab is not None:
fig.update_layout(scene=dict(yaxis_title=ylab))
if zlab is not None:
fig.update_layout(scene=dict(zaxis_title=zlab))
if shadow:
marker = dict(size=1, color=labels, colorscale=cmap, opacity=1.0)
if vmin is not None and vmax is not None:
marker.update(cmin=vmin, cmax=vmax)
# display the shadow
z_shadow = z.copy()
if isinstance(shadow, bool):
z_shadow[:] = np.nanmin(z) - 0.5
elif isinstance(shadow, int) or isinstance(shadow, float):
z_shadow[:] = shadow
mk = {**marker, 'opacity':0.03}
kw_scatter3d_mod = {**kw_scatter3d, "marker":mk}
fig.add_scatter3d(x=x, y=y, z=z_shadow, **kw_scatter3d_mod)
# add a low transparent layer of grey to make it look more like a "shadow"
mk = {**marker, 'opacity': 0.02, 'color':'grey'}
kw_scatter3d_mod = {**kw_scatter3d, "marker": mk}
fig.add_scatter3d(x=x, y=y, z=z_shadow, **kw_scatter3d_mod)
if showfig:
# Set notebook mode to work in offline
pyo.init_notebook_mode()
fig.show()
if savename is not None:
fig.write_html(savename, auto_open=auto_open_html)
return fig
